{"id":5714,"date":"2026-04-11T11:48:50","date_gmt":"2026-04-11T11:48:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/apelasyon.com\/doga-ve-cevre\/incir-ve-ekonomisine-genel-bir-bakis\/"},"modified":"2026-07-28T07:09:25","modified_gmt":"2026-07-28T07:09:25","slug":"incir-ve-ekonomisine-genel-bir-bakis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/apelasyon.com\/it\/tarim\/incir-ve-ekonomisine-genel-bir-bakis\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130ncir ve Ekonomisine Genel Bir Bak\u0131\u015f"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"post-content\">\n<p>\t<title><\/title><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye, kuru incir \u00fcretim ve ticaretinde, D\u00fcnyada ilk s\u0131rada yer almaktad\u0131r. \u00dclkemizde Do\u011fu Karadeniz&#8217;den ba\u015flayarak, Karadeniz, Marmara, Ege ve Akdeniz k\u0131y\u0131 \u015feridinde, G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu&#8217;da ve \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu&#8217;daki nehir vadilerinde incir a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131na rastlamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. \u0130ncir, yeti\u015ftiricilik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan en uygun ko\u015fullar\u0131 Ege B\u00f6lgesinde B\u00fcy\u00fck ve K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Menderes havzalar\u0131nda bulmu\u015ftur ve bu b\u00f6lgede daha \u00e7ok kurutmal\u0131k incir yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fi h\u00e2kimdir. \u0130ncir bu kadar geni\u015f bir yay\u0131l\u0131\u015f alan\u0131 bulmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, ekolojik ko\u015fullar\u0131n farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle de\u011ferlendirme \u015fekilleri, b\u00f6lgeler aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fiklikler g\u00f6stermektedir (Anonim, 1999).<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0\u0130ncir, taze ve kuru olarak de\u011ferlendirilir, ezme, lokum, re\u00e7el, marmelat, pekmez, alkol yap\u0131m\u0131nda, kozmetik sanayinde, pastac\u0131l\u0131k sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Yaprak ve meyveleri, kahve ve \u00e7ay yap\u0131m\u0131nda katk\u0131 maddesi olarak de\u011ferlendirilmektedir, hatta incir \u00e7ekirde\u011fi ya\u011f\u0131 elde edilmektedir.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u0130ncir k\u0131\u015flar\u0131 \u0131l\u0131k, yazlar\u0131 s\u0131cak ve kurak yerler ister. Y\u0131ll\u0131k ortalama s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n 18-20<sup>\u00b0<\/sup>C oldu\u011fu yerlerde yeti\u015fir. Meyve do\u011fu\u015fundan hasat sonuna kadar olan May\u0131s-Ekim aylar\u0131nda daha y\u00fcksek ortalama s\u0131cakl\u0131klar ve \u00f6zellikle meyve olgunlu\u011fu ve kurutma d\u00f6neminde (A\u011fustos-Eyl\u00fcl aylar\u0131) 30<sup>\u00b0<\/sup>C\u2019ye kadar \u00e7\u0131kan ortalama s\u0131cakl\u0131klar istenir. Bu, g\u00fcne\u015fte kurutma y\u00f6n\u00fcnden \u00f6nemlidir. S\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n -9<sup>o<\/sup>C\u2019nin alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yerlerde ekonomik anlamda incir yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fi yap\u0131lamaz.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130ncir a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n optimum ya\u011f\u0131\u015f iste\u011fi y\u0131ll\u0131k 625 mm\u2019dir. Ya\u011f\u0131\u015f miktar\u0131n\u0131n 550 mm\u2019nin alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fmesi durumunda sulanmas\u0131 gerekir. \u00d6zellikle kuruma y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n Kas\u0131m-Haziran aylar\u0131nda olmas\u0131, kurutma mevsimi olan Temmuz-Eyl\u00fcl aylar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u011f\u0131\u015fs\u0131z ve hava ba\u011f\u0131l neminin %40-45 olmas\u0131 istenir.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u0130ncir a\u011fac\u0131 toprak istekleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden fazla se\u00e7ici de\u011fildir. Ancak kuru incir kalitesi s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda, toprak istekleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden de se\u00e7ici olur. Derin, kumlu-killi, yeterli organik materyal ve kirece sahip topraklar ister, taban suyu 2 m\u2019den daha az olan topraklarda kaliteli \u00fcr\u00fcn vermez.<\/p>\n<h2>D\u00dcNYADA<\/h2>\n<p>\t<title><\/title><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>FAO verilerine g\u00f6re d\u00fcnyada 358.494 ha alanda incir \u00fcretimi yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r ve bu alan\u0131n %14\u2019\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye aittir. \u00a0 Fas incir \u00fcretim alan\u0131 olarak ilk s\u0131rada yer almaktad\u0131r ve Cezayir,\u00a0 M\u0131s\u0131r, Tunus, \u0130ran gibi \u00fclkeler T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi izlemektedir.<\/p>\n<p>Tablo 1. D\u00fcnya \u0130ncir \u00dcretim Alanlar\u0131 (Ha)<\/p>\n<table cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>\u00dclkeler<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Alan (Ha)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Fas<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>52.606<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>49.401<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Cezayir<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>44.608<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>M\u0131s\u0131r<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>21.897<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Tunus<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>18.120<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>\u0130ran<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>17.926<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>\u0130spanya<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>12.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Suriye<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>9.483<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Di\u011ferleri<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>132.453<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>D\u00fcnya<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>358.494<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Kaynak: FAO,\u00a0 2015<\/p>\n<p>Son be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k d\u00f6nemde d\u00fcnya incir \u00fcretimi ortalama 1.100.000 bin tondur ve bu \u00fcretimin %27\u2019si T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye aittir. T\u00fcrkiye y\u0131llar itibariyle ortalama 260.000 tonluk incir \u00fcretimi ile d\u00fcnyada ilk s\u0131rada yer almaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi M\u0131s\u0131r, Cezayir, Fas, \u0130ran, Suriye, \u0130spanya, ABD gibi \u00fclkeler takip etmektedir ( Tablo 2.)<\/p>\n<p>Tablo 2. D\u00fcnya \u0130ncir \u00dcretim Miktarlar\u0131 ( ton)<\/p>\n<table cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>\u00dclkeler<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>2009<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>2010<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>2011<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>2012<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>2013<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>244.351<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>254.838<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>260.508<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>274.535<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>298.914<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>M\u0131s\u0131r<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>286.682<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>184.972<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>165.483<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>171.062<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>153.089<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Cezayir<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>83.801<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>123.763<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>120.187<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>110.058<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>117.100<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Fas<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>95.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>109.735<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>114.770<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>102.694<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>101.989<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>\u0130ran<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>76.414<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>76.414<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>75.927<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>78.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>78.392<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Suriye<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>53.724<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>40.966<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>42.944<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>41.224<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>46.443<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>\u0130spanya<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>29.120<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>30.351<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>28.993<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>24.900<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>30.400<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>A.B.D.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>39.689<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>37.113<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>35.072<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>35.072<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>26.212<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Tunus<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>28.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>26.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>26.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>25.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>23.500<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Portekiz<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>17.705<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>18.637<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>17.812<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>18.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>17.581<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Di\u011fer.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>230.733<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>219.157<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>225.001<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>212.644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>223.832<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>D\u00fcnya<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>1.185.219<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>1.121.946<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>1.112.697<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>1.093.189<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>1.117.452<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Kaynak: FAO,\u00a0 2015<\/p>\n<h3>T\u00dcRK\u0130YE\u2019DE<\/h3>\n<p>\t<title><\/title><\/p>\n<p>T\u00dc\u0130K verilerine g\u00f6re, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de son 5 y\u0131lda incir yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fi yap\u0131lan alan yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak 12.000 da ve toplam a\u011fa\u00e7 say\u0131s\u0131 300.000 adet artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00dcretim miktar\u0131 ise iklim ko\u015fullar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak y\u0131llara g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fim g\u00f6stermekle birlikte, 0rtalama 287.000 tondur ( Tablo 4.).<\/p>\n<p>Tablo 4. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Y\u0131llara G\u00f6re \u0130ncir \u00dcretim Alan\u0131,\u00a0 Miktar\u0131,\u00a0 A\u011fa\u00e7 Say\u0131s\u0131<\/p>\n<table cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Y\u0131l<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Alan (da)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>\u00dcretim (ton)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Meyve veren a\u011fa\u00e7 say\u0131s\u0131<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Meyve vermeyen a\u011fa\u00e7 say\u0131s\u0131<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Toplam a\u011fa\u00e7 say\u0131s\u0131<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>2011<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>485.295<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>260.508<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>9.391.060<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>984.323<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>10.375.383<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>2012<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>491.752<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>275.002<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>9.455.874<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>933.169<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>10.389.043<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>2013<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>494.011<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>298.914<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>9.647.390<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>859.250<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>10.506.640<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>2014<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>494.642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>300.282<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>9.746.562<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>926.992<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>10.673.554<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>2015*<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>497.181<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>300.600<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>9.747.412<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>937.511<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>10.684.923<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u00a0Kaynak: T\u00dc\u0130K, 2016, * ge\u00e7ici veriler<\/p>\n<p>\u0130ncir varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden Ege B\u00f6lgesi hatta yaln\u0131zca Ayd\u0131n ve \u0130zmir illeri \u00fclkemizdeki incir a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funu b\u00fcnyesinde bar\u0131nd\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Bu b\u00f6lgedeki plantasyonlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu, \u00fcst\u00fcn kuru meyve niteliklerine sahip Sar\u0131lop \u00e7e\u015fidi ile kuruludur. \u00d6zellikle olgunla\u015fma ve g\u00fcne\u015fte yap\u0131lan kurutma d\u00f6nemlerinde ekolojik ko\u015fullar\u0131n elveri\u015flili\u011fi nedeni ile B\u00fcy\u00fck ve K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Menderes havzalar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm \u00fcretimi, kaliteli kuru incir elde etmeye y\u00f6neliktir. Bu havzalar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00fcretilen incirin t\u00fcm\u00fc, taze meyve olarak de\u011ferlendirilir. \u00c7o\u011funlukla Bursa y\u00f6resinde yeti\u015ftirilmekte olan Bursa Siyah\u0131 incir \u00e7e\u015fidi ile \u0130\u00e7el\u2019in Mut il\u00e7esinde yeti\u015ftirilen \u201cMut\u201d incirinin taze t\u00fcketilen \u00e7e\u015fitler olarak i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f pazarlardaki de\u011ferleri giderek artmaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 497.181 da alanda incir yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fi yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r ve bunun %73\u2019\u00fc Ayd\u0131n iline aittir. Ayd\u0131n\u2019\u0131 \u0130zmir ve Bursa illeri izlemektedir ( Tablo 5. ).\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Tablo 5. 2015 Y\u0131l\u0131 \u0130llere G\u00f6re \u0130ncir \u00dcretim Alan\u0131, Verim ve A\u011fa\u00e7 Say\u0131s\u0131 \u00a0<\/p>\n<table cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>\u0130ller<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Toplu meyveliklerin alan\u0131 (da)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>\u00dcretim (ton)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Verim (kg\/a\u011fa\u00e7)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Meyve veren ya\u015fta a\u011fa\u00e7 say\u0131s\u0131<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Meyve vermeyen ya\u015fta a\u011fa\u00e7 say\u0131s\u0131<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Toplam a\u011fa\u00e7 say\u0131s\u0131<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Ayd\u0131n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>362.784<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>186.124<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>30<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>6.177.061<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>566.245<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>6.743.306<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Bursa<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>20.352<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>22.541<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>65<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>346.386<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>71.733<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>418.119<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>\u0130zmir<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>80.453<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>38.753<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>26<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>1.510.066<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>48.540<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>1.558.606<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Mersin<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>4.258<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>8.426<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>68<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>124.764<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>46.736<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>171.500<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Hatay<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>1.627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>6244<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>29<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>218.905<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>3.737<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>222.642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Bal\u0131kesir<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>2.263<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>2.598<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>35<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>74.828<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>12.414<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>87.242<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Antalya<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>1.366<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>4.149<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>34<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>120.763<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>10.349<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>131.112<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Gaziantep<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>7.227<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>2.870<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>42<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>69.152<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>23.217<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>92.369<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Samsun<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>316<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>2.404<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>32<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>75.042<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>11.637<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>86.679<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Adana<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>3.008<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>2.470<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>32<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>77.583<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>1200<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>78.783<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Manisa<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>963<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>1985<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>28<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>70.324<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>3.430<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>73.754<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Mardin<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>301<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>1624<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>28<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>57841<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>5.879<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>63.720<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>\u00c7anakkale<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>579<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>1.833<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>35<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>51.970<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>9.285<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>61.255<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Mu\u011fla<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>1.743<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>1.442<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>25<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>58.510<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>19.093<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>77.603<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>Di\u011fer<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>9.941<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>17.137<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>_<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>714.217<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>104.016<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>818.233<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>497.181<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>300.600<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>31<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>9.747.412<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>937.511<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p>10.684.923<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u00a0Kaynak: TU\u0130K, 2015,* ge\u00e7ici veriler<\/p>\n<p>Grafik 1. de y\u0131llar itibariyle T\u00fcrkiye kuru incir \u00fcretimi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.2015 y\u0131l\u0131 \u00fcretim miktar\u0131 rekolte tahmin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na g\u00f6re 74.505 ton ve 2016 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n tahmini 72.000 tondur. Bu de\u011ferler kuru incir \u00fcretiminin 2012 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri artan bir grafik izledi\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir. 2016 y\u0131l\u0131 rekoltesi 2015 y\u0131l\u0131na g\u00f6re az miktarda d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f olsa da bu y\u0131l kalitenin daha iyi oldu\u011fu g\u00f6zlemlenmi\u015ftir. Lokal alanlarda g\u00f6r\u00fclen zamans\u0131z ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n olumsuz etkisi olsa da 2016 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n incir a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan iyi bir y\u0131l olaca\u011f\u0131 tahmin edilmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye, 2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda 2 Ekim 2015-20 A\u011fustos 2016 d\u00f6nemi itibariyle 64 bin 890 ton kuru incir ihra\u00e7 ederek, 224 milyon 691 bin dolar d\u00f6viz elde etmi\u015ftir. 31 milyon 734 bin dolarl\u0131k kuru incir ihracat\u0131 ile Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri ilk s\u0131rada yer al\u0131rken, 31 milyon 436 bin dolarl\u0131k tutarla Fransa ikinci s\u0131ray\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc s\u0131ra ise 29 milyon 436 bin dolarl\u0131k kuru incir ihracat\u0131yla Almanya\u2019n\u0131n olmu\u015ftur (Ayd\u0131n \u015eafak Gazetesi, 2016 ).<\/p>\n<p>Grafik 1. T\u00fcrkiye Kuru \u0130ncir \u00dcretimi ( ton )<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Kaynak: INC, 2015\u00a0 * tahmini de\u011ferlerdir.<\/p>\n<p>Son y\u0131llarda taze incir t\u00fcketimi ve d\u0131\u015f sat\u0131m\u0131 da art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6stermektedir. Sofral\u0131k \u00e7e\u015fitlerden ba\u015fl\u0131calar\u0131 Bursa Siyah\u0131, G\u00f6klop, Ak\u00e7a, Bardak\u00e7\u0131, Ye\u015filg\u00fcz, Morg\u00fcz, Beyaz Orak, Siyah Orak \u00e7e\u015fitleridir. Bursa Siyah\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fidinin ambalaja ve yola dayan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n iyi olmas\u0131 ve d\u0131\u015f pazarda \u00e7ok iyi tutulmas\u0131, Siyah Orak ve Beyaz Orak \u00e7e\u015fitlerinin birinci \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin ilekleme gerektirmemesi ve erkenci olu\u015fu i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f pazarda geni\u015f pazarlama olana\u011f\u0131 bulmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir (\u00d6zen vd. 2007).<\/p>\n<p>Kuru incir \u00fcretiminin h\u00e2kim oldu\u011fu B\u00fcy\u00fck ve K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Menderes havzalar\u0131nda incir zaman i\u00e7erisinde, ovadan,\u00a0 da\u011fl\u0131k arazilere \u00e7ekilmi\u015ftir. Da\u011fl\u0131k arazilerde de erozyon, incir verim ve kalitesini olumsuz y\u00f6nde etkilemektedir. Erozyonu \u00f6nleyecek tedbirlerin al\u0131nmas\u0131, incirin gelece\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n<p>Kuru incirlerde ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na t\u00fcketim, halen 125-150 g civar\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bu son derece d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir rakamd\u0131r. \u0130ncirin i\u00e7 t\u00fcketimini artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, i\u00e7 pazarda kalitenin artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve tan\u0131t\u0131m kampanyalar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczenlenmesi faydal\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130ncir ihracat\u0131nda \u00f6nemli sorunlardan birisi de aflatoksindir. Aflatoksin bir\u00e7ok g\u0131da maddesinde oldu\u011fu gibi incirde de olu\u015fmakta, t\u00fcketim a\u015famas\u0131nda insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve d\u0131\u015f sat\u0131m a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan sorun yaratmaktad\u0131r. Aflatoksin riskini azaltmak ve kaliteli meyve \u00fcretimini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in;\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0Zaman\u0131nda ve tekni\u011fe uygun \u015fekilde budama,\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Temiz ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ilek kullan\u0131lmas\u0131,\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Hasat d\u00f6neminde yere d\u00fc\u015fen meyvelerin s\u0131k s\u0131k toplanmas\u0131,\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Kurutman\u0131n kerevetler \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lmas\u0131,\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u0130ncirin nem oran\u0131 %18-22 oluncaya dek kurutulmas\u0131,\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u0130ncirin uygun nem ve s\u0131cakl\u0131kta depolanmas\u0131,\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Uzun s\u00fcre b\u00fcy\u00fck y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar halinde bekletilmemesi,\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Depolarda hava ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131,\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00dcr\u00fcn\u00fcn kasalarda depolanmas\u0131\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u0130ncirin hijyen ko\u015fullar\u0131na sahip i\u015fletmelerde i\u015flenmesi,\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Temiz suda y\u0131kanmas\u0131,\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>F\u00fcmigasyon i\u015flemlerinin yeteri s\u00fcre ve ko\u015fulda yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n<p><b>KAYNAK\u00c7A\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Anonim, 1999,\u00a0 Erbeyli \u0130ncir Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc Kay\u0131tlar\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Ayd\u0131n \u015eafak Gazetesi, 26.08.2016.<\/p>\n<p>Bak\u0131\u015f, 2016,Berrin \u015eAH\u0130N, \u0130ncir Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc.<\/p>\n<p>Bak\u0131\u015f, 2015,Berrin \u015eAH\u0130N, Hande U\u00c7AR, \u0130ncir Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc.<\/p>\n<p>FAOSTAT, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/faostat.fao.org\">http:\/\/faostat.fao.org<\/a> \/Eri\u015fim tarihi: 25 Eyl\u00fcl 2016.<\/p>\n<p>International Nut&amp;Dried Fruit Council, https:\/\/www.nutfruit.org \/Eri\u015fim tarihi: 27 Ekim 2015.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6zen, M. \u00c7obano\u011flu F. \u00d6zkan R. Kocata\u015f H. Tan, N. Ertan, B. \u015eahin, B. Konak, R. Do\u011fan, \u00d6. Tutmu\u015f, E. \u015eahin N. 2007, \u0130ncir Yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fi, T.C. Tar\u0131m ve K\u00f6yi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Erbeyli \u0130ncir Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, Ayd\u0131n.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye \u0130statistik Kurumu, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tuik.org.tr\">www.tuik.org.tr<\/a>, \/Eri\u015fim tarihi: 22 Eyl\u00fcl 2016.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0 T\u00fcrkiye, kuru incir \u00fcretim ve ticaretinde, D\u00fcnyada ilk s\u0131rada yer almaktad\u0131r. \u00dclkemizde Do\u011fu Karadeniz&#8217;den ba\u015flayarak, Karadeniz, Marmara, Ege ve Akdeniz k\u0131y\u0131 \u015feridinde, G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu&#8217;da ve \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu&#8217;daki nehir vadilerinde incir a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131na rastlamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. \u0130ncir, yeti\u015ftiricilik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan en uygun ko\u015fullar\u0131 Ege B\u00f6lgesinde B\u00fcy\u00fck ve K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Menderes havzalar\u0131nda bulmu\u015ftur ve bu b\u00f6lgede daha \u00e7ok kurutmal\u0131k incir [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":133,"featured_media":5715,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[53],"tags":[231],"class_list":["post-5714","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tarim","tag-35-sayi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/apelasyon.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5714","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/apelasyon.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/apelasyon.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apelasyon.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/133"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apelasyon.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5714"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/apelasyon.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5714\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7606,"href":"https:\/\/apelasyon.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5714\/revisions\/7606"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apelasyon.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5715"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/apelasyon.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5714"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apelasyon.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5714"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apelasyon.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5714"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}